The BR code mechanic
Your main employer: - Uses your primary tax code (1257L) - Deducts tax with personal allowance applied
Your second employer: - Uses BR (Basic Rate) - Deducts 20% on ALL earnings - No personal allowance
Why this can be wrong
Scenario 1: Main job pays £8,000, second job pays £10,000 - Main job: £0 tax (under allowance) - Second job (BR): £2,000 tax on £10,000 - Combined income: £18,000 - Correct tax: £1,086 (£5,430 × 20%) - You've overpaid by £914
Scenario 2: Main job pays £45,000, second job pays £15,000 - Main job: £6,486 tax (basic rate on £32,430) - Second job (BR): £3,000 (20% on £15,000) - Combined: £60,000, should be at higher-rate on £9,730 - You've underpaid; SA bill or code adjustment needed
Requesting a split
Contact HMRC via: - Personal tax account online (gov.uk) - HMRC helpline - Employer HR
Ask HMRC to split your personal allowance across both employers. Effectively: - Main employer uses partial allowance - Second employer uses balance - Both jobs correctly taxed together
When it's not necessary
If your main job clearly uses the full personal allowance + second job is small extra income, BR is roughly correct.
In short
UK second job defaults to BR code (20% on all). Fine if main job uses full allowance. Split needed if main job is small or combined income crosses higher-rate.